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Getting on board the Ajax wagon

Ajax is about changing the experience a user has on a Web site from a page-per-click experience to one with the look and feel of an interactive and nimble desktop application. Your users can avoid page reloads and avoid waiting for the next piece of content to be presented. You might be thinking that all of this sounds great, but how do you do it? To answer that, a little background about the technologies behind Ajax is helpful.

Ajax is a collection of the following several Web technologies and standards that lets you use the client's machine to run a significant portion of the application's logic behind the scenes and not just present its output:

• Hypertext Markup Language (HTML): Defines the content that is ultimately presented to the user.
• Cascading Style Sheets (CSS): Define the style (or decoration) of the presented content.
• The Document Object Model (DOM): An API used by the browser to expose the presented content to JavaScript scripts. Scripts can then use the DOM to modify the content dynamically before the user’s eyes.
• The XmlHttpRequest object: Facilitates asynchronous interaction between the browser and the server, invoked from JavaScript scripts.
• JavaScript: A programming language that executes inside the browser, gluing together all other Ajax ingredients. Scripts can listen to events happening inside the browser (such as clicking a button), react to them by calling back to the server with XmlHttpRequests, and later on modify the DOM tree based on the returned results.

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